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Influence of infiltration on energy consumption of a winery building

Hejiang SUN, Qingxia YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 110-118 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0293-3

摘要： With the wide use of light steel structure in industrial buildings, some problems such as air leakage, water dripping and condensation and so forth occur during the construction and operation phases. Through the onsite testing of a winery building in Huailai County, Hebei Province in China, the influence of infiltration on energy consumption in industrial buildings was studied. The pressurization test method and moisture condensation method were used to test the infiltration rates. The results show that the winery building is twice as leaky as normal Chinese buildings and five times as leaky as Canadian buildings. The energy use simulation demonstrates that the reduction of the infiltration rate of the exterior rooms to 1/3 and the interior rooms to 1/2 could help decrease a total energy consumption of approximately 20% and reduce a total energy cost of approximately $ 225000. Therefore, it has a great potential to reduce the energy consumption in this type of buildings. Enforcement of the appropriate design, construction and installation would play a significant role in improving the overall performance of the building.

关键词： industrial building     air change rate     pressurization test method     moisture condensation method     energy cost    

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Model test and discrete element method simulation of shield tunneling face stability in transparent clay

Huayang LEI, Yajie ZHANG, Yao HU, Yingnan LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 147-166 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0704-6

摘要： The stability of the shield tunneling face is an extremely important factor affecting the safety of tunnel construction. In this study, a transparent clay with properties similar to those of Tianjin clay is prepared and a new transparent clay model test apparatus is developed to overcome the “black box” problem in the traditional model test. The stability of the shield tunneling face (failure mode, influence range, support force, and surface settlement) is investigated in transparent clay under active failure. A series of transparent clay model tests is performed to investigate the active failure mode, influence range, and support force of the shield tunneling face under different burial depth conditions, whereas particle flow code three-dimensional numerical simulations are conducted to verify the failure mode of the shield tunneling face and surface settlement along the transverse section under different burial depth conditions. The results show that the engineering characteristics of transparent clay are similar to those of soft clay in Binhai, Tianjin and satisfy visibility requirements. Two types of failure modes are obtained: the overall failure mode (cover/diameter: / ≤1.0) and local failure mode ( / ≥2.0). The influence range of the transverse section is wider than that of the longitudinal section when / ≥2.0. Additionally, the normalized thresholds of the relative displacement and support force ratio are 3%–6% and 0.2–0.4, respectively. Owing to the cushioning effect of the clay layer, the surface settlement is significantly reduced as the tunnel burial depth increases.

关键词： shield tunneling face     stability     transparent clay     model test     numerical simulation    

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A new method of studying collapsibility of loess

Yuanqing ZHU , Zhenghan CHEN ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 305-311 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0040-3

摘要： A new triaxial testing system that could control suction in wetting-induced collapsible tests was successfully developed to study the suction effects on wetting-induced collapsible deformation. The pedestal of the triaxial cell was made up of two parts, and the equipment not only could control suction but also could make water accessible to soil. A pressure/volume-controlled equipment was combined with the triaxial system to measure the water volume absorbed by samples accurately and to add pressure on water to filtrate into the sample. The apparatus could measure volume change precisely and keep the deviator stress unvaried, as well as measure the volume of water filtrating into the samples exactly. A triaxial collapsible testing procedure was described using the new apparatus for undisturbed collapsible loess with controlled suction. Furthermore, a series of double triaxial collapsible tests were conducted under different suctions and the same net cell pressure, and tests under different net cell pressures and the same suction were also done. It was indicated that the collapsible deformation increased with the increasing suction, and the effect of the net cell pressure on collapsible deformation was remarkable. The new triaxial apparatus was a useful facility to study the collapsible behavior of loess.

关键词： triaxial apparatus for collapsible soils     controlled suction     pressure/volume controlled equipment     double triaxial collapsible test     single triaxial collapsible test    

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高层建筑加压送风系统设计的实验研究

冯瑞,霍然,王冰凌,张靖岩

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第4期   页码 79-85

摘要：

讨论了风机置于建筑上部的多点加压送风系统的设计，通过数值拟合的方法得出送风管道中的风速分布，证明风速与加压风机的流量、送风管道的截面积以及管道的高度有关，这对高层建筑加压送风系统的设计有着重要的意义。

关键词： 高层建筑     加压送风     上部送风系统     临界风速     模拟计    

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Modified Bishop method for stability analysis of weakly sloped subgrade under centrifuge model test

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 727-741 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0730-z

摘要： The sliding forms of weak sloped and horizontal subgrades during the sliding process differ. In addition, the sliding form of weakly sloped subgrades exhibits considerable slippage and asymmetry. The accuracy of traditional slice methods for computing the stability safety factor of weakly sloped subgrades is insufficient for a subgrade design. In this study, a novel modified Bishop method was developed to improve the accuracy of the stability safety factor for different inclination angles. The instability mechanism of the weakly sloped subgrade was considered in the proposed method using the “influential force” and “additional force” concepts. The “additional force” reflected the weight effect of the embankment fill, whereas the “influential force” reflected the effect of the potential energy difference. Numerical simulations and experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the advantages of the proposed modified Bishop method. Compared with the traditional slice method, the error between the proposed method and the exact value is less than 32.3% in calculating the safety factor.

关键词： weakly sloped subgrade     stability analysis     additional force     influential force     modified Bishop method    

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Time-domain and frequency-domain approaches to identification of bridge flutter derivatives

Zhengqing CHEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 173-179 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0034-1

摘要： Flutter derivatives are essential for flutter analysis of long-span bridges, and they are generally identified from the vibration testing data of a sectional model suspended in a wind tunnel. Making use of the forced vibration testing data of three sectional models, namely, a thin-plate model, a nearly streamlined model, and a bluff-body model, a comparative study was made to identify the flutter derivatives of each model by using a time-domain method and a frequency-domain method. It was shown that all the flutter derivatives of the thin-plate model identified with the frequency-domain method and time-domain method, respectively, agree very well. Moreover, some of the flutter derivatives of each of the other two models identified with the two methods deviate to some extent. More precisely, the frequency-domain method usually results in smooth curves of the flutter derivatives. The formulation of time-domain method makes the identification results of flutter derivatives relatively sensitive to the signal phase lag between vibration state vector and aerodynamic forces and also prone to be disturbed by noise and nonlinearity.

关键词： long-span bridges     wind-induced vibration     flutter derivatives     forced vibration test     time-domain method     frequency-domain method    

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A systematic graph-based method for the kinematic synthesis of non-anthropomorphic wearable robots for

Fabrizio SERGI, Dino ACCOTO, Nevio L. TAGLIAMONTE, Giorgio CARPINO, Eugenio GUGLIELMELLI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第6卷 第1期   页码 61-70 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0206-2

摘要：

The choice of non-anthropomorphic kinematic solutions for wearable robots is motivated both by the necessity of improving the ergonomics of physical Human-Robot Interaction and by the chance of exploiting the intrinsic dynamical properties of the robotic structure so to improve its performances. Under these aspects, this new class of robotic solutions is potentially advantageous over the one of anthropomorphic robotic orthoses. However, the process of kinematic synthesis of non-anthropomorphic wearable robots can be too complex to be solved uniquely by relying on conventional synthesis methods, due to the large number of open design parameters. A systematic approach can be useful for this purpose, since it allows to obtain the complete list of independent kinematic solutions with desired properties. In this perspective, this paper presents a method, which allows to generalize the problem of kinematic synthesis of a non-anthropomorphic wearable robot for the assistance of a specified set of contiguous body segments. The methodology also includes two novel tests, specifically devised to solve the problem of enumeration of kinematic structures of wearable robots: the HR-isomorphism and the HR-degeneracy tests. This method has been implemented to derive the atlas of independent kinematic solutions suitable to be used for the kinematic design of a planar wearable robot for the lower limbs.

关键词： assistive robotics     non-anthropomorphic wearable robots     topology     kinematic synthesis     HR-isomorphism test     HR-degeneracy test    

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Ambient vibration testing and updating of the finite element model of a simply supported beam bridge

Ivan Gomez ARAUJO, Esperanza MALDONADO, Gustavo Chio CHO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 344-354 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0124-8

摘要： An ambient vibration test on a concrete bridge constructed in 1971 and calibration of its finite element model are presented. The bridge is characterized by a system of post-tensioned and simply supported beams. The dynamic characteristics of the bridge, i.e. natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios were computed from the ambient vibration tests by using the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA). Then, these characteristics were used to update the finite element model of the bridge by formulating an optimization problem and then using Genetic Algorithms (GA) to solve it. From the results of the ambient vibration test of this type of bridge, it is concluded that two-dimensional mode shapes exist: in the longitudinal and transverse; and these experimentally obtained dynamic characteristics were also achieved in the analytical model through updating. The application of GAs as optimization techniques showed great versatility to optimize any number and type of variables in the model.

关键词： modal analysis     parameter identification     ambient vibration test     Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA) method     finite element method    

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Effect of strata restraint on seismic performance of prefabricated sidewall joints in fabricated subway stations

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 763-779 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0917-6

摘要： A disadvantage of the conventional quasi-static test method is that it does not consider the soil restraint effect. A new method to test the seismic performance of prefabricated specimens for underground assembled structures is proposed, which can realistically reflect the strata restraint effect on the underground structure. Laboratory work combined with finite element (FE) analysis is performed in this study. Three full-scale sidewall specimens with different joint forms are designed and fabricated. Indices related to the seismic performance and damage modes are analyzed comprehensively to reveal the mechanism of the strata restraint effect on the prefabricated sidewall components. Test results show that the strata restraint effect effectively improves the energy dissipation capacity, load-bearing capacity, and the recoverability of the internal deformation of the precast sidewall components. However, the strata restraint effect reduces the ductility of the precast sidewall components and aggravates the shear and bending deformations in the core region of the connection joints. Additionally, the strata restraint effect significantly affects the seismic performance and damage mode of the prefabricated sidewall components. An FE model that can be used to conduct a seismic performance study of prefabricated specimens for underground assembled structures is proposed, and its feasibility is verified via comparison with test data.

关键词： underground structures     precast sidewall specimen     seismic test method     bearing capacity     energy dissipation capacity     plastic deformation    

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Numerical analysis of bearing behaviors of single batter piles under horizontal loads in various directions

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 224-237 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0914-1

摘要： The horizontal bearing behavior of a single batter pile (SBP) is vital to its application in practical engineering; however, the horizontal responses of SBPs change with the directions of horizontal loads, and this phenomenon is rarely investigated. Therefore, the directional differences in the horizontal bearing behaviors of SBPs are investigated in this study. Four model tests are conducted to preliminarily examine the effects of the skew angle of horizontal loads on the horizontal bearing capacities and distributions of the bending moments of the SBPs. Subsequently, the differences in the responses of the SBPs under horizontal loads in various directions at full scale are analyzed comprehensively via finite-element (FE) analysis. The effects of the skew angle on SBP-soil interaction are discussed. Moreover, an empirical design method is proposed based on the FE analysis results to predict the bearing ratios of SBPs in medium-dense and dense sand while considering the effects of the skew angle, batter angle, and pile diameter. The method is confirmed to be effective, as confirmed by the close agreement between the predicting results with the model test (reported in this study) and centrifuge model test results (reported in the literature).

关键词： single batter pile     skew horizontal load     model test     finite-element analysis     empirical design method    

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Improvement of the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) analytical method for reclaimed water

Xin ZHAO, Hongying HU, Shuming LIU, Feng JIANG, Xiaolei SHI, Mingtang LI, Xueqiao XU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 483-491 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0525-0

摘要： Microbial growth is an issue of concern that may cause hygienic and aesthetic problems during the transportation and usage of reclaimed water. Assimilable organic carbon (AOC) is an important parameter which determines the heterotrophic bacterial growth potential of water. P17 and sp. NOX are widely used to measure AOC in drinking water. The AOC values of various reclaimed water samples determined by P17 and NOX were compared with those determined by the new strains isolated from reclaimed water in this study. It showed that the conventional test strains were not suitable for AOC measurement of reclaimed water in certain cases. In addition to P17 and NOX, sp. ZJ2, G3 and sp. G6, were selected as test strains for AOC measurement of reclaimed water. Key aspects of the bioassay including inoculum cell density, incubation temperature, incubation time and the pH of samples were evaluated for the newly selected test strains. Higher inoculum density (10 CFU·mL ) and higher incubation temperature (25°C) could reduce the time required for the tests. The AOC results of various collected samples showed the advantages of the method proposed based on those five strains in evaluating the biologic stability of reclaimed water.

关键词： assimilable organic carbon (AOC)     bioassay     biological stability     reclaimed water     test bacterial strains    

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Mechanical performance analysis and stiffness test of a new type of suspension bridge

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1160-1180 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0760-6

摘要： A new type of suspension bridge is proposed based on the gravity stiffness principle. Compared with a conventional suspension bridge, the proposed bridge adds rigid webs and cross braces. The rigid webs connect the main cable and main girder to form a truss that can improve the bending stiffness of the bridge. The cross braces connect the main cables to form a closed space truss structure that can improve the torsional stiffness of the bridge. The rigid webs and cross braces are installed after the construction of a conventional suspension bridge is completed to resist different loads with different structural forms. A new type of railway suspension bridge with a span of 340 m and a highway suspension bridge with a span of 1020 m were designed and analysed using the finite element method. The stress, deflection of the girders, unbalanced forces of the main towers, and natural frequencies were compared with those of conventional suspension bridges. A stiffness test was carried out on the new type of suspension bridge with a small span, and the results were compared with those for a conventional bridge. The results showed that the new suspension bridge had a better performance than the conventional suspension bridge.

关键词： new type of suspension bridge     stiffness test     mechanical performance     railway bridge     space truss    

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基于风险分析的可靠性指标加速验证方法研究

张辉睿

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第5期   页码 31-37

摘要：

传统的可靠性验证试验由于一般在使用条件下进行，且只利用失效数据进行判定，往往需要大量的时间和费用。这对于高可靠长寿命船舶设备可靠性指标的验证是不可接受的。本文提出一种基于风险分析的可靠性指标加速验证方法，该方法利用退化数据进行分析，在试验风险可接受的条件下提前截止试验，得出验证结果。同时，利用高环境应力可以加速退化过程，进一步减少试验时间。本文具体给出了分析和计算提前截止试验和利用高应力进行试验产生的额外风险的方法，保证了验证结果的真实可靠。最后利用案例证实了该方法在减少验证试验时间上的有效性。

关键词： 退化数据；加速验证试验；可靠性验证；风险分析；优化设计    

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delamination on the stiffness of composite pipes under compressive transverse loading using cohesive zone method

Sattar MALEKI, Roham RAFIEE, Abolfazl HASANNIA, Mohammad Reza HABIBAGAHI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1316-1323 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0555-1

摘要： The effect of delamination on the stiffness reduction of composite pipes is studied in this research. The stiffness test of filament wound composite pipes is simulated using cohesive zone method. The modeling is accomplished to study the effect of the geometrical parameters including delamination size and its position with respect to loading direction on stiffness of the composite pipes. At first, finite element results for stiffness test of a perfect pipe without delamination are validated with the experimental results according to ASTM D2412. It is seen that the finite element results agree well with experimental results. Then the finite element model is developed for composite pips with delaminated areas with different primary shapes. Thus, the effect of the size of delaminated region on longitudinal and tangential directions and also its orientation with respect to loading direction on delamination propagation and stiffness reduction of the pipes is assessed.

关键词： delamination     composite pipes     stiffness test     cohesive zone method    

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Mixed mode properties of CNT reinforced composites using Arcan test rig

Jacob MUTHU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 397-404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0321-y

摘要： Composite materials reinforced with carbon nanotubes were mechanical tested using Arcan test rig under Mode-I, Mode-II and mixed mode loading conditions to obtain their fracture properties. The butterfly composite specimens were fabricated with 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1 wt % CNTs. The polyester/CNT composite was fabricated using VRTM (Vacuum Resin Transfer Molding) where the CNTs were first functionalised to reach an optimum properties. Arcan test rig was designed and fabricated to work with the Shimadzu testing machine. The results show that the functionalised CNTs have improved the fracture behavior by acting as bridge between the cracked face. In addition, the fracture properties were not improved for the higher weight fraction of 0.1 wt% CNTs.

关键词： CNT     composites     Arcan test rig     stress intensity factor    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Influence of infiltration on energy consumption of a winery building

Hejiang SUN, Qingxia YANG

期刊论文

Model test and discrete element method simulation of shield tunneling face stability in transparent clay

Huayang LEI, Yajie ZHANG, Yao HU, Yingnan LIU

期刊论文

A new method of studying collapsibility of loess

Yuanqing ZHU , Zhenghan CHEN ,

期刊论文

高层建筑加压送风系统设计的实验研究

冯瑞,霍然,王冰凌,张靖岩

期刊论文

Modified Bishop method for stability analysis of weakly sloped subgrade under centrifuge model test

期刊论文

Time-domain and frequency-domain approaches to identification of bridge flutter derivatives

Zhengqing CHEN

期刊论文

A systematic graph-based method for the kinematic synthesis of non-anthropomorphic wearable robots for

Fabrizio SERGI, Dino ACCOTO, Nevio L. TAGLIAMONTE, Giorgio CARPINO, Eugenio GUGLIELMELLI

期刊论文

Ambient vibration testing and updating of the finite element model of a simply supported beam bridge

Ivan Gomez ARAUJO, Esperanza MALDONADO, Gustavo Chio CHO

期刊论文

Effect of strata restraint on seismic performance of prefabricated sidewall joints in fabricated subway stations

期刊论文

Numerical analysis of bearing behaviors of single batter piles under horizontal loads in various directions

期刊论文

Improvement of the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) analytical method for reclaimed water

Xin ZHAO, Hongying HU, Shuming LIU, Feng JIANG, Xiaolei SHI, Mingtang LI, Xueqiao XU

期刊论文

Mechanical performance analysis and stiffness test of a new type of suspension bridge

期刊论文

基于风险分析的可靠性指标加速验证方法研究

张辉睿

期刊论文

delamination on the stiffness of composite pipes under compressive transverse loading using cohesive zone method

Sattar MALEKI, Roham RAFIEE, Abolfazl HASANNIA, Mohammad Reza HABIBAGAHI

期刊论文

Mixed mode properties of CNT reinforced composites using Arcan test rig

Jacob MUTHU

期刊论文